The Presumption of Innocence in English law Free Essay Example, 2250 words

Having considered the requirements for a charge of murder or manslaughter it is necessary to consider possible defenses that may be raised against a charge of murder, which might either extinguish the charge entirely of reducing the charge to a lesser charge of manslaughter. In this instance, it is necessary to consider provocation, automatism and diminished responsibility. If Neil had thrown the first punch, then it would also be necessary to consider the possibility of self-defense. It will also be necessary to consider the law in relation to the chain of causation, as a break in the chain can lead to the accused being exonerated from causing the death of the victim. When relying on proving that the chain of causation has been broken the accused has to show that their actions were no longer the primary cause of the victim s death. This has been successfully argued in cases where the victim has subsequently died as a direct result of negligent treatment at the hospital. The courts have held that the chain of causation has been broken where the actions of a third party or of the victim have led to the death. We will write a custom essay sample on The Presumption of Innocence in English law or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Third party actions can include incorrect medical treatment. Defence lawyers rely on case law to establish a break in the chain as was demonstrated in Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] in which the court concluded that the actions of the deceased had broken the chain. The victim in this instance took his own life as he was unable to live with the disfiguring injuries sustained following an incident in his workplace. His widow had attempted to hold the company liable for his death on the grounds that they had failed to address his depression. However, the court disagreed stating that the foreseeability that he would commit suicide was too remote and therefore his death should be treated under the principle of Novus actus inteveniens. The case of R v Ogunbowale [2007] demonstrated how an intervening event can also lead to a break in the chain of causation.

Japan During The Meiji Period - 1271 Words

From the early to mid 1800s, the United States expanded rapidly. With this expansion, the United States sought out new areas for trade commerce. With Britain and other countries heavily involved in China, the U.S. searched for another of trade within the region. President Millard Fillmore dispatched Commodore Matthew C. Perry with a letter demanding Japan to open their ports for commerce. Upon the first arrival, Americans were great with a completely new experience for people. Some people considered found the Japanese’s culture to be repulsive while others were very fascinated. This paper discusses the experiences of two Americans who visited Japan during the Meiji Period compared to initial experiences. There were numerous reasons why the United States had an interest in forming diplomatic relations with Japan. The opening of China’s ports for commerce along with the new acquisition of a California made the United States want to expand its influence in the world. One of the most abundant resources needed was coal. With steam ships replacing sailing ships, the United States had to establish a coaling station for refuel. With the heavy influence of the British over in China, Japan made for the perfect geographic location. America was involved in whaling for their oil. Prior to Commodore’s Expedition to Japan, there were preconceptions of the type of people they were. American sailors left stranded on the island of Japan were typically imprisoned. This inhumane treatmentShow MoreRelatedModernization of Japan: The Meiji Restoration Essay638 Words   |  3 PagesThe Meiji Restoration played a significant role in the modernisation of Japan. The Meiji period was a time of political and social revolution. It brought momentous social, political and economic changes to Japan, and these changes became the foundation of the Japan we know today. Prior to the 1868 Restoration, Japan was a militarily weak country with a feudal agricultural society, and was controlled by feudal lords. When the Meiji period ended with the Emperors death in 1912, Japan was a well-developedRead MoreThe Meiji Restoration of Japan Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesBetween 1968 and 1912, Japan was going through a reformation called Meiji Restoration in order make the country s trong as western countries. It had caused changes in many parts of Japan such as society, government, military, etc. Some of these changes still can be seen in the Japanese society today such as emperors are honored by Japanese citizens and seen as a special figure. Since this reformation had a great impact on development of Japan, it can be consider as a very important part of JapaneseRead MoreModernization of Japan Essay1375 Words   |  6 PagesJapan underwent rapid modernization due to the impacts of the West. Significant influences of the West caused Intensive and extensive transformation of japans feudal system to a modern industrialized nation. The arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry, Commander – in – Chief of US forces in 1853 was a major contribution to the Modernization of Japan. Perry had been sent to force the Japanese inhabitants to concede the following: Protection for American soldiers, opening of one or two ports for repairsRead MoreJapans Transition to Modernity1091 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement below, write it from the political view. Postwar Japan represents a case in which an outside power was able to successfully impose democracy on a non-democratic country. Even if Japan had what seemed to be democratic institutions before the war, the indigenous roots of democracy were never deep or strong. In any case, democracy was completely destroyed during the 1930s and the War, and so had to be created all over again during the Occupation. 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Victory in wars with Russia and China will begin the dominant period of Japanese nationalism and influence leading to World War II. Japan in modern times is one of the most technologically advanced countriesRead MoreSome Prefer Nettles1030 Words   |  5 PagesMost Japanese traditions involve every aspect of Japanese life. These traditions have also evolved over a period of thousands of years. One common tradition that may seem very visible to outsiders is the traditional Japanese dress of the kimono. A kimono is a woven cotton undergarment. This dress was the basic dress for the Japanese until more recently where it is customary to wear the kimono just for important celebrations. These celebrations make up the many traditions within Japanese culture thatRead MoreThe Government Of Japan During The Meiji Regime1362 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the Meiji regime, which was the Government of Japan decided to modernize foreign relations, which was an important stride in making Japan a complete member of the international community. The traditional view of the Far East was not based on an international society but ra ther on cultural differences. It preferred artists, scholars, and Monks rather than professional diplomats, had been the conveyors of foreign agenda. During this time it, was difficult to differentiate Japans Foreign relationsRead MoreThe Tokugawa And Meiji State Ruling Class And Officials1277 Words   |  6 PagesTokugawa and Meiji state ruling class and officials wished to impose their ideology onto their subjects. The ruling class and officials hoped that this would assist them in their endeavors. Their goals differed between time periods; however, one constant is the mechanism they used to perpetuate their ideology, mythistory. In Tokugawa Japan, they used mythistory to create an ideology based on many religions to justify the social hierarchy the officials created (1 - professor). The  ­Meiji state usedRead MoreThe Meiji Restoration778 Words   |  3 PagesDuring the Meiji Restoration, Japan went through many changes as it was exposed to foreign powers such as Europe. One o f the political changes that occurred was that Japan was forced to begin interaction with their foreign peers as they came with their several innovations that were incredibly advanced compared to what Japan could offer at the time. This not only exposed their in ability to compare to their peers, it also revealed that they were technologically backwards in the eyes of their peers

Growing Popularity of Online Educations-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Growing Popularity of Online Educations. Answer: Introduction Online education is continually growing in its popularity as suggested by assignment 1 and 2. This has many reasons behind it such as high addiction of youths to the internet. Youths in the contemporary world are getting attracted towards various social media platforms. This has created significant changes in their mentalities. Their addiction to the internet has influenced the academic curriculum as well. The attached assignments suggest an increasing numbers of students opting for the online mode of education. The traditional form of education is increasingly becoming old fashioned because of its stagnant move (Chen, Jones and Moreland 2012). The main purpose of this assignment is to write a reflective journal on the provided assignments. Effectiveness and usefulness of the learning experience- The learning experience that I had during every week of my study has very effectively conveyed its usefulness to my future career. During my learnings through different weeks, I learnt the way to carry out a research work on a given topic. The research work did help me to learn on how to design a research works (Liamputtong 2013). It helped me acquainted with the rising demand of online education format in the contemporary education system (Panneerselvam 2014). The learning process would help me in my future courses, which is very needful to pass the academics and to become a graduate professional. Moreover, this is of high importance, as business organizations prefer graduate professionals. Usage of the learning process- Course The learning throughout the different weeks would help me do better in my future courses. I am a student of Business Administration. It is necessary for me that I pay high attentions on different research works, as this would help me to become more practical with the different topics (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). Program The learning is important for my future program as well. This is because that the learning would help me to groom with my courses. This is indeed very necessary for my academics that I become more acquaint with the different kinds of topics. Nevertheless, the learning has taught me exactly the same thing, which is necessary for my future learning program. Future career The learning and its information are very useful for my future career. The information cannot alone prosper my career but the learning process that I went through during different weeks can do wonders to my career. A future career can become flourishing if I combine each of my learning to make it more useful for the practical life. Life generally A prosperous career would certainly groom the life as well. A life becomes prosperous when someone has good resource of income with it. Nevertheless, learning process of the academics is very useful for the nurture of graduate professionals. Graduate professionals equipped with job skills as well have better chances of cracking a good career. The entire learning process- The learning process includes the acquaintance with the varied research essentials over the twelve weeks (Silverman 2016). This includes the interaction to the practical world as well. Moreover, theoretical knowledge associated with the practical world produce results. The learning process is divided into two assignments namely assignment 1 and assignment 2. Both the assignments do speak about the chosen topic, which is online education. The face-to-face learning process is becoming outdated in some places (Christensen et al. 2013). The researcher has chosen the qualitative method of research to get the most accurate findings on the topic. Evaluation of the learning- The learning process was very engaging and informative as well. The learning process helped me learn on how to design a research work. The learning process did help me to come closer to the practical world by doing some works related to the practical world. The learning process did help to learn the ways, which are required for the completion of academics with good grades. The growing demand of online education has affected the traditional form of education to some extent. Notable numbers of students are showing their interests towards online education mode. This is because of their enlarging experience for the internet. The rising online study mode is becoming a topic of discussion to the contemporary world (Myring, Bott and Edwards 2014). Explanation of the learning process- The learning process was informative, which focussed on how to design the research works. Learning research works in academics is very important because it lets one acquaint with the practical world through the understanding of essential of research. The learning process has even tried to make real things happen quiet close to the eyes. This was done with the help of secondary resources and the primary resources as well (Hair 2015). Application of this learning process- The learning process is highly applicable to the practical life. This is because the learning process is making me acquainted with the research works. This is indeed important for a successful completion of the academics. A successful completion of the academics is very necessary to become a graduate professional. Reflection scope- The scope of the reflection is very broad. This particular assignment is covering reflection on the different learning process during the twelve weeks. The scope of the reflection is to cover the study of different weeks as well. It is focussed on various concepts governing the research works, which were taught during the twelve weeks (Patten 2016). It has some other scope as well such as reflecting on the highlighted facts in both the assignments, which is on the online education form. The scope of the reflection is also to show the rising concerns of online education accounting, which is quickly captivating the contemporary world of business. Critical analysis- The online mode of education is quickly growing in its popularity. The attached assignments suggest that the number of students adopting the online education form is rising. This is happening because of various reasons of which youths addiction to the internet is the one reason. The high expenditures of time on the internet have made traditional face-to-face teaching system boring to them. They feel that they are innovative, which is why they are inclined to the modernist form of education. However, this particular habit is not safe as well (Guthrie, Burritt and Evans 2013). The online tutorial provides high-end access to those books as well, which are never accessible at the universitys library. However, this is undeniable as well that the quality of education would be in doubt. This is because the online education form has less governing of the teachers. This was indeed more productive from the perspectives of a bright career of the students. In addition to this, monitoring of the progress of the study would be hardly viable. Some of these problems would certainly open up ways to the misuse of the system by some not so dedicated students. This would certainly affect the performance and the result as well. However, this would not be fair to declare any verdict against the online education mode (Smith 2012). It has rather its own benefits, which is leveraging many students across the globe. It is a matter of debate, which would attract some towards it. However, it would have its protestors as well. In addition to this, the infrastructure demand for the system is not available in few of the developing countries such as in Nigeria (Osang, Ngole and Tsuma 2013). A complete wipe out of the traditional educational system would not be advisable. It is rather advisable for the administrative department of educational system indifferent countries should monitor the proceedings on the online tutorial mode. They should give permission to the online mode of education to a restricted level to check for its accountability and feasibility with the existing educational system. The traditional format of education is not appropriate as well. They have become stagnant. They are less innovative, which is becoming reasons for their restricted move towards a prosperous educational system. The face-to-face educational system needs to incept some innovative moves in their educational curriculum. This would probably help them raise the interest level of their students (Chen, Jones and Moreland 2012). Reflective objective The reflective objective is to enhance the learning capabilities and to become more acquainted with this kind of works. Reflective journals writings on the taught learnings during the academics do help gather a wider concept of the particular topic. Moreover, reflective journals are a good resource to enhance the self-learning capabilities. This is useful in enhancing the educational knowledge of the subject topic as well. Conclusion The reflective journal helps students gain a sound hold on their study modules. This also helps students become more familiar with the research works, which is necessary to get close to the practical world. The online learning mode is a useful tool, which needs to be utilized in an appropriate way to yield the best results for the aspirants and to the educational system. The traditional form of education such as the face-to-face educational system needs to be incorporated with various innovative thoughts, so that, the traditional form of education becomes much more competent. There is a high need of maintaining a balanced relation in between the online education and the traditional educational system. References Chen, C.C., Jones, K.T. and Moreland, K.A., 2012. Online accounting education versus in-class delivery: Does course level matter?.Issues in Accounting Education,28(1), pp.1-16. Christensen, G., Steinmetz, A., Alcorn, B., Bennett, A., Woods, D. and Emanuel, E.J., 2013. The MOOC phenomenon: Who takes massive open online courses and why?. Guthrie, J., Burritt, R.O.G.E.R. and Evans, E., 2013.Challenges for accounting and business education: blending online and traditional universities in a MOOC environment(Doctoral dissertation, Institute of Chartered Accountants Australia; Centre for Accounting, Governance and Sustainability, University of South Australia). Hair, J.F., 2015.Essentials of business research methods. ME Sharpe. Liamputtong, P., 2013.Qualitative research methods. Myring, M., Bott, J.P. and Edwards, R., 2014. New approaches to online accounting education.The CPA Journal,84(8), p.66. Osang, F.B., Ngole, J. and Tsuma, C., 2013, February. Prospects and Challenges of Mobile Learning Implementation in Nigeria. Case Study National Open University of Nigeria NOUN. InInternational Conference on ICT for Africa(pp. 20-23). Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Patten, M.L., 2016.Understanding research methods: An overview of the essentials. Routledge. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Smith, K., 2012. Lessons learnt from literature on the diffusion of innovative learning and teaching practices in higher education.Innovations in Education and Teaching International,49(2), pp.173-182. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley S

Whartons Life And History Essays - Gilded Age, Edith Wharton

Wharton's Life And History Edith Wharton: A brief personal history and overview of literary achievements The cultural advancement of the 1920's has many important literary figures associated with it. Names such as T.S. Elliot, Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald are some of the better-known names. Edith Wharton is one of the less known of the period, but is still a formidable writer. This paper will explore Ms. Wharton's life and history and give a brief background surrounding some of her more popular novels. Ms. Wharton was born Edith Newbold Jones on January 24, 1862, in her parents' mansion and West Twenty-Third Street in New York City. Her mother, Lucretia Stevens Rhinelander, connected with wealthy Dutch landowners and merchants of the early nineteenth century, was the granddaughter of an outstanding American Revolutionary War patriot, General Ebenezer Stevens. After the war, General Stevens became a very successful East-India merchant. Edith Wharton's father, a man of considerable, private, inherite d wealth, did not follow a career in business. Rather, he lived a life of leisure, punctuated by his hobbies of sea fishing, boat racing, and wildfowl shooting (activities typical of wealthy men of the day). During her first few years, Edith Wharton's family alternated between New York City in the winter and Newport, Rhode Island, in the summer. At the time, Newport was a very fashionable place where New York City families of wealth might enjoy ocean breezes and participate in a ro! und of tea and inner parties, the leaving of calling cards, and constant preparations for entertaining or being entertained. When she was four years old, her parents took her on a tour of Europe, concentrating on Italy and France. She became as familiar with Rome and Paris as most children are with their hometowns. It was here that the small, red-headed child played her favorite game. Not yet able to read, she carried around with her a large volume of Washington Irving's stories of old Spain, The Alhambr a. Holding the Book carefully, often upside down, she proceeded to turn the pages and to read aloud make up stories as she went along. Whereas most children of her age would be told the familiar old folk and fairy tales of Anderson, Perrault, and the Brothers Grimm, she listened with great delight to tales of the domestic dramas of the great Greek and Roman gods of mythology. The young child rapidly learned to read, speak, and write German, French, and Italian, as a result of the efforts of governess and the extended family tours of France and Italy. Returning to America after an absence of sex years in picturesque Europe, the ten-year-old Edith viewed New York City with mixed feelings. She missed the glamour of Europe; she was distressed with the busy commercial air of much of her home city; she was delighted to join her relatives and friends on a rambling family estate at Newport. Here she continued her study of modern languages and proper manners. However, she had to return to he r father's in New York, where she spent her time perusing his library and immersing herself in the likes of Roman Plutarch and the English Macaulay, the English Pepys and Evelyn and the French Madame de Sevigne; the poets, Milton, Burns and Byron, as well as Scott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, and Elizabeth Barrat Browning. With these writers as her models and inspiration, young Edith Wharton began to cover huge sheets of wrapping paper with her own prose and verse. Edith's family and the families of most of her friends were not in business: they lived on their incomes and investments, living leisurely lives of dining out or dinner going with much emphasis on good cooking, and sparkling conversation. Once in a while, they attended the theatre; the opera, seldom. When she was seventeen, Edith's parents decided the time had arrived for her coming out. The series of social activities that indicated to the world that she was adult enough to be invited to social entertainment without her parents as chaperones. Soon, she joined her father and mother to another trip to Europe - this time for her father's health. He died in France, when Edith was nineteen years old, and the